The following year, Joseph Vann and several of his black rebels died in the explosion of his steamboat Lucy Walker during a race on the Ohio River. Joseph Vann took the rebel slaves belonging to him out of the Cherokee Nation and permanently assigned them to work on his steamboats.
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Upon being brought to Fort Gibson, five slaves were held to stand trial for murdering the two bounty hunters. They had run out of food and were starving, too weak and disillusioned to offer effective resistance. A few days later they caught up with the slaves, still in Indian Territory. During their pursuit of the escaped Negroes, the Cherokee Militia discovered the bodies of the two slave bounty hunters. Meanwhile, the Cherokees had presented their news of the slave revolt to the Cherokee National Council at the capital, Tahlequah, and gained approval for a Cherokee Militia unit to pursue, arrest, and deliver the fugitive slaves to Fort Gibson.
The fugitive slaves killed the two bounty hunters and the slaves they had been returning joined those attempting to reach Mexico. The band of escaping slaves came upon two white men who were fugitive slave hunters returning eight Negroes they had recaptured to their Choctaw master. When the Indians decided to return home for reinforcements, the slaves started moving again toward Mexico. After several days of pursuit, the Indians caught up with the escaped slaves and a heated battle inflicted casualties on both sides. Many Creeks joined the Cherokee searchers. When the Cherokees discovered that so many of their slaves had fled, they organized a search party to pursue them. The slaves of the Creeks also joined those of the Cherokees and the band set out for Mexico. They rendezvoused with other slaves who had agreed to participate in the revolt, stole horses to ride to their freedom, then broke into a store to steal guns, ammunition, food, and supplies they needed for their planned escape to Mexico–where slavery was illegal. In the pre-dawn hours of November 15, 1842, the Negroes locked their still-sleeping masters and overseers in their homes. He said that those troops burned the Vann home during their pillage.Īt least twenty-five of Vann's slaves participated in the Cherokee slave revolt of 1842. The grandson reported that the Vann Family lived in that house until "the War," when some 3,000 federal troops descended upon Webbers Falls. Vann, told author Grant Foreman that Joseph Vann had built a house about a mile south of Webbers Falls (Oklahoma) ".a handsome home.built just like the old Joe Vann home in Georgia." The impressive house reportedly stood on a plantation of nearly 600 acres which was tended by some 400 black slaves "Rich Joe" Vann owned. Nearly a century later (in 1932), Joseph Vann's grandson, R. Numerous others had previously gone to Oklahoma when their masters voluntarily relocated. When the last of the Cherokees were forcibly moved west in 1838, government records indicate that 1,592 black slaves were moved to Indian Territory with their owners. The Vanns later relocated to Indian Territory, present-day Oklahoma. When the Vanns were forced from their Spring Place home in 1834, they took many slaves with them when they fled to safety in Tennessee. Their slaves also helped build the nearby Moravian mission and school in Spring Place.
Among the several hundred slaves owned by the Vanns at that time, many were skilled craftsmen and tradesmen capable of helping build such a fine house. In Georgia, during the early 1800s, slaves owned by the Vann Family made the bricks and milled the lumber used to build the Vann House in Spring Place. By 1800 slavery had become firmly entrenched in the Five Civilized Tribes. Perhaps because they had observed the prosperity so often achieved by slave-holding whites, Indians of mixed-blood were more apt to own slaves. The Cherokees living in the southeastern United States copied many of the traditions and practices of their white neighbors–including the ownership of fellow humans as slaves. Home Page | Planned Exhibits | Research Support | Want to Help? | Why a Museum in Cyberspace? | Updates Murray County Museum - Vann Slaves Remember
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